For many years, naltrexone has been one of the most effective medications for managing substance use disorders. This non-addictive substance can help to reduce cravings and resolve addiction triggers. Some research suggests that it might also have some effects on patients’ weights. If you’re interested in losing weight, here is what you need to know about the weight-loss effects of naltrexone.

What Is Naltrexone?

Naltrexone is a type of medication that is FDA-approved for treating opioid use disorders and alcohol use disorders. It can be taken as a pill or an injection, and its main use is to prevent drug and alcohol cravings. Most people with substance use disorders take naltrexone for around three to four months, but some find it helpful to use naltrexone for longer periods of time. Naltrexone is safe, non-addictive, and does not have intoxicating effects.

Naltrexone is effective because it’s an opioid receptor antagonist. It binds to the opioid receptors in your brain and blocks drugs or alcohol from reaching them. This keeps people from feeling the pleasurable sensations of substance use, so they no longer have an incentive to take drugs or alcohol. In addition to making substance use less pleasant, naltrexone also reduces cravings, so people will feel less desire to consume substances in the first place.

The Connection Between Naltrexone and Weight Loss

When patients started taking naltrexone to manage addiction, many discovered that they were starting to unintentionally lose weight. Why does this happen? It turns out that naltrexone can also affect appetite. Since it blocks your opioid receptors, naltrexone affects many bodily functions. The opioid system regulates things like pain, reward, hunger, and mood, so it can greatly impact your weight.

2016 research found that naltrexone’s ability to block opioid receptors ended up reducing subjects’ reward feedback system. When people overate, they didn’t get the rush of satisfaction normally associated with eating sugary, fatty food. This reduced their incentive to eat caloric foods, so they could lose weight more easily.

This reduction in cravings can have a big impact on weight loss. A 2011 study found that those who took naltrexone were three times as likely to lose 15% of their total body weight. Patients using naltrexone also tended to lose larger amounts of weight compared to people who tried traditional weight loss techniques.

Combining Naltrexone and Bupropion for Weight Management

A lot of the research into naltrexone for weight loss focuses on the idea of combining it with another similar medication. Bupropion is a common antidepressant that also helps to reduce tobacco cravings. It’s a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor which means it increases the concentration of certain hormones that help with alertness and blood flow.

When naltrexone and bupropion are combined into a single medication, they tend to work together and provide even more useful effects. While naltrexone alone helps to prevent overeating of caloric foods, bupropion helps to boost energy and stabilize your mood. By combining the two medications, patients have fewer cravings but still feel alert and active while eating at a caloric deficit.

The Advantages of Using Naltrexone for Weight Loss

Naltrexone provides people with a lot of helpful ways to manage their weight. Of course, people using naltrexone still need to eat fewer calories than they burn if they want to lose weight. It won’t magically make pounds fall off while you continue to eat excessively. However, the way it interacts with your body makes it a lot easier and less stressful to lose weight. People who try naltrexone for weight loss often report these advantages:

• Lowered appetite: People still get food cravings on naltrexone, but these cravings tend to occur less often and are satisfied more easily. The lower appetite helps you naturally eat less.
• Reduced incentive to overeat: With naltrexone, most people no longer feel a rush of satisfaction from binging on food. This makes it a lot easier to eat moderately.
• Improved mood: Especially if you take a naltrexone/bupropion medication, you’ll find that you feel less stressed and sad. This can help to combat emotional overeating.
• Stabilized blood sugar: Naltrexone helps to improve insulin sensitivity, so you have less drastic blood sugar swings. This prevents hypoglycemic crashes that might make you crave sugary or carb-laden food.
• More energy: One of the big reasons that people stop dieting is because they feel tired and fatigued. Naltrexone and bupropion can help you feel more alert and active even if you’re eating less.

Potential Side Effects and Concerns of Using Naltrexone for Weight Loss

Though naltrexone has some promising weight loss effects, it’s not a foolproof method. There are some side effects associated with this medication. In a 2017 study, 22% of test subjects chose to leave the study due to the side effects of naltrexone. The most commonly reported issue was gastrointestinal upset and nausea. Some people also had anxiety, headaches, insomnia, or dizziness. Those who take very high doses may be more susceptible to liver damage. In most patients, side effects were strongest right when they started using the medication and calmed down over time. No research indicates that there is a risk associated with long-term naltrexone use.

Though all of these side effects can sound concerning, it’s important to keep in mind that naltrexone is still a very safe medication. Extensive reviews were conducted before the FDA approved it, and there is no evidence that it causes serious side effects. While some patients might have minor issues like nausea, naltrexone doesn’t cause dangerous issues like heart failure or strokes.

In fact, 2019 research found that patients who took naltrexone actually reported less serious health problems than patients who took a placebo medication instead. For most people who are ill enough to need naltrexone, the benefits will outweigh the risks. Dealing with minor side effects is often safer than continuing to live with obesity or a substance use disorder.

Who Can Benefit From Losing Weight With Naltrexone?

Naltrexone isn’t typically prescribed for patients who just gained a few pounds and want to return to their normal weight. Since it’s a serious medication with possible side effects, most doctors do not want to give it to patients who can lose weight with traditional methods. Instead, the medication is usually only prescribed to those who are medically overweight or obese and have tried and failed to lose weight through dieting and exercise.

Naltrexone is not safe to take if you are pregnant, nursing children, or have acute liver failure. It is also not prescribed to patients who plan to continue taking opioids, alcohol, or other substances that slow breathing. Taking naltrexone alongside opioids and alcohol can increase the risk of overdose because it lowers your tolerance and blocks some of the effects. This can cause patients to take dangerously large doses without realizing it.

If you’re interested in naltrexone, keep in mind that it must be taken under medical supervision. Due to the risk of side effects, you need a doctor who can monitor your progress and ensure you remain healthy enough to use the medication.

Naltrexone vs. Traditional Weight Loss Methods

Naltrexone is just one of the many tools available to people looking to lose weight. Traditional methods like counting calories and getting regular exercise can be just as effective. The main benefit of naltrexone is simply that it makes it easier and less stressful to follow these techniques.

People get the best results from naltrexone when they work with a professional nutritionist to relearn healthy eating habits. Speaking with a weight loss professional can also help you make lifestyle changes that ensure you won’t regain weight once you quit using naltrexone.

Explore the Potential of Naltrexone at Illinois Recovery Center

Ultimately, naltrexone does show some promise as a weight loss medication. However, it’s important to keep in mind that weight loss is just a side effect of naltrexone, and it should only be used by people with severe weight issues. Naltrexone’s main purpose is to help people manage substance use disorders. Unlike using naltrexone for weight loss, there are few alternatives to using naltrexone for addiction. It’s one of the only medications that can help people stop the cycle of drug abuse.

If you or a loved one is dealing with addiction, naltrexone can provide relief. It’s proven to be one of the most effective ways of managing your cravings, so you can stay clean and focus on improving your well-being. Illinois Recovery Center is happy to provide naltrexone and other types of medication-assisted treatment for qualifying patients. To learn more about our services, call or email us today.

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Studies show that addiction to drugs, habits or settings is a common problem for those with a narcissistic diagnosis, and that despite their diminishing sense of value, those with narcissism often seek solace in these vices. More research on narcissism and addiction shows that today’s modern youth often develop a feeling of entitlement and excessive self-importance, which helps explain the rising incidence of drug abuse problems among this age group in the United States. 

Narcissism and addiction both lead to rash decisions and costly, self-destructive habits as a consequence of succumbing to inner cravings, a need to feel different, and the absolute achievement of avoiding unpleasant feelings. Nonetheless, it’s important to approach the concepts of narcissism and addiction as having many layers, many of which are intricately intertwined. More so, it’s important to develop a deep understanding of these connections to ensure successful treatment.

Understanding Narcissism

The Mayo Clinic defines narcissism as a mental health issue that causes people to have an excessive feeling of their own significance. They also have an immense need to be the center of attention, no matter how many people they are around, and a deep-seated need for admiration.

Narcissists often exhibit a variety of traits, including:

• Frequently criticize and despise those they consider to be unimportant.
• An inordinate need for frequent praise and an unjustifiably high feeling of self-importance.
• A tendency to act haughtily and boast often.
• An expectation to receive recognition even in the absence of accomplishments.
• Tend to make their accomplishments and skills seem greater than they are.
• A belief that they are better than everybody else and can only interact with or understand those who are similarly exceptional.
• An odd anticipation for undeserved perks and unquestioning compliance from others.
• Frequently use others to achieve one’s goals.
• An internal need to provide illusions of wealth, dominance, genius, beauty or the ideal partner.
• Unable or unwilling to understand the wants and emotions of others.
• A belief that they deserve special treatment and benefits.
• A false belief that others are extremely jealous of their lifestyle.
• Often present themselves in a way that appears very egotistical.
• Insist on owning the finest of everything, such as the nicest workplace or automobile.

Psychology Today says people with good self-esteem feel valuable and capable and seek meaningful relationships. They embrace themselves regardless of others’ opinions. Narcissists, on the other hand, overvalue themselves, tend to lack empathy for others, and act aggressively, coldly, and coercively.

The Link Between Narcissism and Substance Abuse

In a 2020 study, researchers found that vulnerable narcissists were more likely to develop an addiction to social media. Although this study doesn’t directly mention drugs, it doesn’t demonstrate how people with narcissism have higher rates of addiction.

People with narcissism are more likely to develop a drug addiction because of their psychological vulnerabilities, such as: 

• false sense of invincibility
• extreme need for admiration
• lack of empathy
• overwhelming need to feel important
• erroneous sense of superiority and entitlement

Narcissists seek external approval because they have no sense of their own worth or usefulness to the world. The narcissist avoids feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness by constantly seeking approval from others. Sophia Bell on Medium who writes for SophiaExplainsNarcs.com says that without this external validation, the narcissist’s self-esteem further plummets because they become forbed to face their own shame, which can lead to narcissistic collapse. This is why so many narcissists develop pathological narcissism: to avoid a narcissistic collapse.

The Cycle of Addiction in the Narcissistic Individual

One reason that narcissists so commonly abuse drugs and alcohol is because the substances amplify their feelings of grandiosity and invulnerability. More so, narcissists often get stuck in the cycle of drug abuse because drugs readily cause the brain to deny there is a problem. 

It is plausible, according to Goldstein’s research at Brookhaven, that desire, compulsion and the recurrent relapsing character of addiction [in narcissists and drug addicts alike] are majorly the result of impaired perspective and denial. Data from another study even shows that grandiose narcissists are prone to engaging in dangerous activities such as substance misuse, refusal to acknowledge they have a problem, and hostile reactions to criticism.

The characteristics of narcissists make them predisposed to a higher risk of abusing substances as a means of numbing their feelings of worthlessness and shame. Learn more about the connections between disinhibition (associated with psychopathy) and hostility (associated with narcissism and psychopathy) in this meta-analytic research article.

Co-occurring Disorders: The Double Challenge

Narcissistic clients, many of whom have other personality disorders as well, often have trouble connecting with therapists when receiving treatment for addiction. Narcissistic traits and symptoms from co-occurring disorders like anxiety or depression result in a reduced capacity for hearing, processing and benefiting from constructive criticism. Additionally, they tend to exhibit problems when trying to express themselves and work through their feelings and emotions. 

Experts agree that the therapeutic community approach and group therapy are superior to individual work in this context. Some of the most common issues that narcissists encounter when receiving treatment for co-occurring disorders are:

• heightened sensitivity
• propensity toward seduction
• high degree of manipulation and flamboyance
• reluctance to respond to insight-based counseling
• weak sense of self-worth
• inflated sense of self-importance
• zero acknowledgment that there is a problem

Treatment Approaches for Co-occurring Narcissism and Addiction

According to data from the Appalachian State University, about 35% of people with anxiety disorders and 53% of people with depression also have a personality disorder, with three to four percent, respectively, receiving a diagnosis of narcissistic personality disorder. 

Due to the interplay between the illnesses, integrated treatment approaches are the most effective for those with co-occurring conditions when treating addiction. The untreated condition will deteriorate without this treatment, undermining the efficacy of the treatment as a whole. 

One of the most prevalent triggers of pathological narcissism is trauma, particularly psychological trauma. This is why behavioral therapies are essential to the treatment process and breaking the cycle of narcissistic rage and addiction. Cognitive-behavioral therapy teaches people with narcissistic dysregulation to notice and modify their established habits, cognitive distortions, and maladaptive beliefs.

The Role of Family and Loved Ones

Family members and partners of individuals with co-occurring narcissism and addiction often face a number of challenges. In these families and relationships, there is a greater chance of:

• mental illness
• substance use
• codependency
• people-pleasing
• difficult with emotional intimacy
• abusive behaviors
• unsafe home environments

Exposure to a narcissist is often emotionally taxing and leads to harsh judgment of oneself. To help your narcissistic family member receive the best treatment possible for his or her co-occurring disorders, use the following strategies:

• Define your limits.
• Avoid arguments.
• Don’t spend too much time with that individual.
• When you must be in the same room with the individual, take a friend along.
• If they attempt to challenge you or gaslight, don’t become angry or defensive.
• Create a safety net by building a support network.

Potential Barriers to Treatment

People in therapy for narcissism and addiction often reject treatment, find it difficult to form therapeutic relationships and have an increased need for specialized and experienced doctors. Narcissists have an innate bias toward showing weakness. Oftentimes, the only way therapy has a chance of helping these people is to make them fear rejection from those who care about them.

In the course of therapy, you can best aid a patient who struggles with both narcissism and addiction by:

• Talking openly and honestly about how you feel about them.
• Having compassion.
• Making them answer for their behavior.
• Showing acceptance of the person.
• Encouraging them to talk to a therapist.
• Staying away from confrontations.

Recovery and Beyond

Through comprehensive therapeutic interventions, individuals diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder and addiction can achieve effective recovery. The quantity of ongoing therapy sessions and the strength of one’s social networks have a significant impact on the efficacy and continuity of treatment.

Psychology Today covers several strategies for self-awareness and personal growth that those with narcissism and addiction can use to enhance treatment effectiveness, including:

• Learning to draw the line between themselves and other people.
• Using the “observer self” to maintain one’s integrity in the face of narcissistic urges.
• Increasing self-awareness to mend damaged friendships and romantic relationships.

Conclusion

Narcissistic addicts are often aggressive because their addiction fuels their extreme selfishness. The results of combining destructive arrogance with a lack of humility can result in catastrophic scenarios. Receiving comprehensive treatment from medical professionals with specialized training and experience in treating co-occurring disorders is essential to long-term recovery. Tailor-made therapy may lessen narcissistic episodes, which is crucial to achieving sobriety.

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Although it is readily available at liquor stores and even some supermarkets, alcohol is a drug. And it is a drug that is impacting the lives of many people in the U.S., according to several studies. One of those studies comes from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and it found that over 29 million Americans aged 12 and older struggle with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). For those unfamiliar with that terminology, AUD is a medical condition in which someone is unable or unwilling to stop drinking alcohol despite social, occupational, or severe health consequences. Because alcohol is so easily accessible and not stigmatized like other drugs, it is easy for some people to view alcohol consumption as a right of passage, a way to socialize with others or unwind from a long, stressful day, and maybe even inconsequential. But that couldn’t be any further from the truth.

Alcohol Dependency Epidemic: Shedding Light on a Hidden Crisis

According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), excessive drinking can put individuals at a heightened risk of suffering a stroke, not to mention developing liver cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis, cancer, and other chronic diseases. That said, heavy drinking does not impact the life of the individual consuming alcohol alone. It can also take a toll on their friends, family, and, in many cases, people they may not even know.  For reference, a study published by the University at Buffalo Research Institute on Addictions (RIA) revealed a marriage is more likely to end in divorce if one of the parties has a problem with alcohol.

Even if a couple remains together, heavy drinking can give way to domestic violence and may even adversely affect children in the household. Research shows children of alcoholic parents are usually neglected and are at greater risk of experiencing emotional problems than children who are not. Children of alcoholic parents are also four times more likely than other children to fall victim to alcohol or drug addiction when they grow up. Heavy alcohol consumption can also put a strain on friendships.

On the societal front, alcohol abuse can put a strain on a country’s economy. One study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) revealed alcohol use disorders and binge drinking cost the U.S. an estimated $249 billion in 2019. The breakdown of that cost is as follows:

• Healthcare – $28 billion
• Loss of workplace productivity – $179 billion
• Traffic accidents – $13 billion
• Criminal justice- $25 billion

Science Reveals a Link Between Visceral Fat and Heavy Alcohol Consumption

Along with increasing the risk of liver cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis, and certain cancers, excessive alcohol consumption can lead to an alcohol belly. And this is on top of the family problems, legal problems, and strained friendships that often go hand in hand with alcoholism. Also known as a beer belly, an alcohol belly is a large amount of visceral fat around one’s midsection. In addition to being unflattering, it can pose several health risks since it surrounds abdominal organs. Because alcohol is calorically dense, individuals who drink excessively and lead a sedentary lifestyle are at high risk of developing a beer or alcohol belly. According to the Cleveland Clinic, a non-profit academic medical center in Ohio, a beer or alcohol belly caused by heavy drinking can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, high cholesterol, erectile dysfunction, fatty liver disease, and metabolic syndrome.

The Truth About Calories in Alcohol and How They Can Expand Your Midsection

Most people probably don’t think it is possible to gain weight just by drinking alcoholic beverages, but it is possible. That is because most comprise natural starch and sugar, which makes them calorie-dense. Consuming too many calories, even in liquid form, can lead to weight gain and a much larger midsection.  To appreciate how many calories are in alcohol, it helps to look at the caloric equivalent between popular alcoholic beverages and a few popular foods.

Available data shows the average pint of lager, which contains 180 calories, is equivalent to a slice of pizza. The same data also notes that just one serving of popular stouts, such as Guinness, and ales, like Sierra Nevada Pale Ale, contain about 250 calories, the caloric equivalent of a whole bagel. And this is primarily because beers, stouts, and lagers are rich in starch. For those who enjoy indulging in cider and red wine, things are not much better from a calorie standpoint. According to Drinkaware, an independent charity working to reduce alcohol misuse and harm in the UK, one pint of cider contains roughly 216 calories, about what you would find in one sugary donut. Lastly, two glasses of red wine are enough to meet a man’s and woman’s daily recommended calorie intake for the day, around 2,500 and 2,000 calories, respectively.

Why Alcohol Bellies Are More Common Among Men Than Women

Men and women can develop a beer or alcohol belly if they consume beer and other alcoholic beverages in excess. However, male and female bodies store fat differently, and that difference partly explains why they are more common among men than women. Biologically speaking, women have more subcutaneous fat pockets under their skin than men. These are fat deposits that sit beneath the skin and above the muscle. In women, subcutaneous fat pockets are located predominantly in the arms, thighs, and buttocks.

When women consume high-calorie alcoholic beverages, the extra fat calories derived from those beverages get stored primarily in those parts of the body. Subcutaneous fat pockets are also in a woman’s midsection, but fat calories generally do not accumulate in that part of the body. Since men have more subcutaneous fat pockets in their midsection, extra fat calories from alcohol are stored there instead of being distributed evenly throughout their body like in women. Hormone imbalances, namely low testosterone levels, also make men more susceptible to developing a beer or alcohol belly than women, according to a study published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

Tips for Avoiding a Beer Gut or Alcohol Belly

Keeping a beer gut or alcohol belly at bay requires consuming fewer calories.  That might mean consuming alcoholic beverages that are calorically less dense.  The following are alcoholic beverages that contain only 100 calories per 1.5-ounce serving:

• Brandy
• Gin
• Tequila
• Vodka
• Whiskey

Another option for avoiding a beer or alcohol belly is to consume fewer alcoholic beverages.  While that might sound impossible, it is very much doable.  And if you have an alcohol use disorder or just an unyielding compulsion to overdo it when you drink, there are addiction recovery programs you can turn to for help.  Consuming a well-balanced diet is another excellent way to keep the weight off.  Studies show people tend to overindulge in fatty, sugary, salty, and otherwise unhealthy meals when consuming alcohol, all of which are as high or higher in calories than their choice of alcoholic beverage.  Eating lean protein meats and vegetables while drinking alcohol instead can help satisfy hunger without tacking on too many extra pounds.  A chicken and broccoli stir fry dish or ground turkey over rice are examples of such meals.  Making it a point to drink plenty of water and eating more whole grains instead of refined grains can also help.

Tips for Getting Rid of a Beer Gut or Alcohol Belly When You Already Have One

If you already have a beer or alcohol belly, all hope is not lost. There are things you can do to get rid of it. Alcohol increases appetite, a byproduct of its effect on nerve cells in the brain’s hypothalamus. It also lowers inhibitions. This combination can lead to unhealthy food choices and overeating, which leads to weight gain and an expanded midsection. Periodically taking a few days off from drinking can go a long way toward lowering your caloric intake. And if you take enough days off, you will eventually lose your beer gut or alcohol belly. Regular exercise is also an effective way to slim down and bid farewell to fat around your midsection. Doing a minimum of 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise each day and at least two days of strength training is enough to start seeing results.

In summary, alcohol abuse can ruin someone’s physical appearance and even their overall health if left to spiral out of control. There are also societal consequences. Bearing all that in mind, if you have a problem with alcohol and need help regaining control over your life, consider scheduling a consultation with the Illinois Recovery Center, a leading drug and alcohol addiction treatment facility in Illinois.

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The central nervous system acts as the body’s “internet,” sending, receiving, and processing signals in response to stimuli both inside and outside of the body. The brain acts as the “server,” and it not only stores memories but is responsible for all sensation, response, movement, thoughts, and emotions. As we learned in biology class, “The muscles are the movers,” but, “The brain tells us where to move.” When it comes to health, the central nervous system tells us about dangers, such as touching a hot burner. Because it’s the conduit through which the brain tells the muscles to move, it’s integral to physical fitness.

Basically, any drug affects the central nervous system in some way. Cocaine, methamphetamine, and other stimulants can cause neurotoxicity, which adversely affects the brain. Alcohol, heroin, and other depressants interfere with the brain’s ability to regulate the central nervous system and the body. Even prescription drugs do this, which is why they should always be administered under the care of a doctor or nurse practitioner.

Illicit Drugs and Their Impact on the Central Nervous System

Stimulants raise catecholamine levels in the blood and cause issues with the adrenergic receptors in the brain. With meth, the increase on the catecholamines includes both norepinephrine and dopamine, which both increase euphoria and libido. In some cases, the user experiences higher cognition. Derivatives of meth, such as ecstasy and mephedrone, have similar actions. Cocaine actually blocks the transmission of dopamine, causing the characteristic “rush” as the effects of localized dopamine are heightened.

Depressants, on the other hand, affect the brain chemistry by slowing everything down. They increase gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, which is the chemical that does the “slowing down.” This is why these drugs are prescribed for sleep disorders. They’re easy to use incorrectly, however, leading to addiction. Too much of these drugs can be life-threatening. The proverbial “bottle of pills” has been, quite literally, the death of far too many people.

Hallucinogens affect how the brain processes serotonin, causing loss of perception of time, cognition, and in severe cases, psychosis. Some mild hallucinogenic drugs, such as THC, seldom produce life-threatening conditions. Others, such as LSD, certainly can, and even if there are no such conditions at the time someone takes the drug, or shortly thereafter, using LSD can produce terrible effects even years down the road. When it comes to psilocybin, or “magic mushrooms,” the effect is similar to other hallucinogens. However, in 2022, researchers in the United Kingdom performed at least two studies that show beneficial effects of controlled psilocybin intake when it comes to treating depression. Even so, using too much can still be dangerous.

Prescription Drugs That Influence the Central Nervous System

Opioids are depressants. The affect norephinephrine production and block certain pain receptors in the brain. The chief reason people misuse opioids is to chase the high of the euphoria they produce.

Benzodiazepenes are usually prescribed for sleep disorders and anxiety. As with other depressants, they affect GABA and how it binds to certain receptors in the central nervous system. The chief risk with “benzos” is that their withdrawal can be exceedingly problematic, requiring herculean measures in the most extreme cases. Most of the time, in those cases, those measures are to keep the person alive long enough to begin treatment.

ADHD medications, such as Ritalin and Adderall, are stimulants, but their action in the brain is slightly different from other drugs of the same type. Sometime, doctors will prescribe Atomoxetine, which is not a stimulant but is still effective at treating ADHD. It is a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, which makes it similar to antidepressant medications. Its use isn’t as common because it has a long list of drug interactions and side effects. Most often, doctors prescribe it if stimulants are not effective or if they are contraindicated in some way. Atomoxetine is also not addictive at all, so it’s a good choice if the person has had a history of misusing stimulants. Adderall and Ritalin produce large amounts of dopamine, so the people who misuse it do so for the euphoric high.

Antidepressants of various types control GABA, serotonin, and other chemicals in the brain. The idea is to increase postsynaptic neurotransmission. As stated, there is also promising research in the United Kingdom regarding psilocybin in treating depression, but it works in another way. Antidepressants are not addictive, per se, but there might be withdrawal or other considerations when stopping their use or changing medications.

Long-Term Effects of Substances That Alter the Central Nervous System

Different drugs have different long-lasting effects. Stimulants can cause memory loss, loss of the ability to feel pleasure at all other than with the drug, drug-induced psychosis, and other terrible consequences. Some people lose teeth too. Depressants, such as heroin, change the brain in ways that affect decision making, the regulation of behavior, and appropriate responses to stress.

Heroin, specifically, leads to intense physical addiction. In fact, stopping it cold turkey is often fatal. The worst part is that the person will do anything to get more of the drug to stave off the intensely disagreeable aspects of heroin withdrawal. It becomes the primary motivation in the person’s life, and the person will ignore or misuse family relationships and friendships, often to criminality, just to use again.

Treatment Options for Substance Use Disorder

All treatment options must begin with a medically supervised process of detoxification. That’s necessary to prevent catastrophe. In many cases, the medical professionals who oversee such detoxification have to use the drugs to which their clients are addicted to help them wean off of them. People also must go through therapy of different kinds to learn coping strategies and to develop healthy relationships so that they have tools and friends upon whom to rely to deal with lifelong recovery. At Illinois Recovery Center, not only do we have the experience and knowledge to be able to help you transition to lifelong recovery, but we also ensure that you keep your dignity while undergoing the process. Contact us if you or someone you know has substance use disorder. We’re here to help.

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What Are Edibles?

Edibles (marijuana edibles and CBD edibles) are typically food products or beverages that contain cannabis compounds, such as THC (delta-9-thc or tetrahydrocannabinol) or CBD (cannabidiol). Edibles deliver the same effects as smoking or vaporizing cannabis without the harsh effects on the lungs. This has made them a popular alternative. The sale of cannabis edibles continues to grow and is expected to reach about 8.24 billion U.S. dollars by 2025.

Types of Edibles

Edibles are available in various forms. Here are some common types:

• Baked Goods: The most common types of edibles are brownies and cookies. You can also find cakes and muffins infused with cannabis.
• Gummies: Another popular edible is cannabis-infused gummies. Edible gummies come in a variety of flavors.
• Chocolates: Chocolate lovers can indulge in cannabis-infused chocolate bars or chocolate products.
• Hard Candies: Cannabis-infused hard candies tend to be light on THC and may be suitable for those looking for a slow release of THC or lower doses.
• Beverages: For those who like drinking their cannabis, there are cannabis-infused beverages, such as teas, coffees, and juices.
• Protein Bars: Fitness enthusiasts may opt for cannabis-infused protein bars. This gives them additional protein as well as the benefits of cannabinoids.
• Frozen Treats: Cannabis-infused frozen treats can be ideal for hot summers.
• Dried Fruits: Those who prefer healthier options can choose cannabis-infused dried fruits, such as mango or apricots.

How Edibles Work in the Body

When you consume edibles, there are several stages, from consumption to digestion.

• Consumption: The first stage is simply ingesting the edible. Once the edible enters your mouth, your saliva starts to break it down.
• Stomach: After your saliva breaks some of the edible down, the rest moves to your stomach. Here, the digestive enzymes and gastric juices further break down the edible.
• Small Intestine: After the partially digested edible leaves your stomach, it goes to your small intestine. This is where the majority of the absorption of cannabinoids happens. Cannabinoids are fat-soluble, and they are absorbed into your bloodstream through the walls of your intestine.
• Liver Metabolism: After the cannabinoids are absorbed into your bloodstream, they then pass into your liver. Here, they go through what is known as first-pass metabolism. This is where THC is converted into a more potent form of THC called 11-hydroxy-THC. At this stage, you will feel a more intense and longer-lasting effect compared to if you had smoked or vaped cannabis.
• Circulation: After the liver, the cannabinoids are distributed throughout your body. You should start to feel the effects of edibles anywhere from 30 minutes to an hour after consumption.
• Elimination: After the cannabinoids are metabolized, they are then eliminated from your body through your urine.

The Onset and Duration of Edibles Vs. Inhaled Cannabis

The onset of effects when you eat edibles is much slower compared to when you inhale cannabis. When you inhale cannabis, you will feel the effects within seconds or minutes. When you eat or drink edibles, you will feel the effects within 30 minutes to an hour.

There is a difference in duration as well. When you inhale cannabis, the effects start to wear off within the first hour. When you eat an edible, however, the effects can last anywhere from 4-12 hours or even longer.

Factors That Influence How Long Edibles Stay in Your System

For the most part, edibles length of time that will stay in your system between 4-12 hours. However, this can be longer. Several factors influence how long edibles stay in your system. These are:

• Dosage: The amount of THC in your edible will have a direct effect on how long the edible stays in your system. Higher doses mean your body will take a longer time to metabolize the cannabis. Ingesting an edible with 10mg of THC can stay in your system for four to 12 hours. Most edible products list 10mg of THC as a single serving. This often translates to one gummy, for example. If you ingest 20mg of THC or roughly two servings, expect to feel the effects for longer than 12 hours.
• Tolerance: If you use cannabis regularly, you may have developed a tolerance to THC. Those with higher tolerance levels tend to metabolize THC faster, reducing the time it stays in their system.
• Metabolism: Individuals have different metabolic rates. Those with faster metabolisms can eliminate THC faster than those with slower metabolisms.
• Frequency of Use: If you continue to ingest cannabinoids repeatedly, your body won’t have a chance to eliminate the THC. This means there will be traces of THC in your body for longer periods.
• Body Fat Percentage: THC is fat-soluble, which means it is stored in body fat. Individuals with higher body fat percentages may retain THC in their bodies longer than those with lower body fat percentages. In other words, it will take longer for those with more body fat to break down the THC in their bodies.

Edible Duration

Factor	Description	Impact on THC Duration
Dosage	Higher doses of THC take longer to metabolize. 10mg may stay in the system for 4-12 hours. Ingesting 20mg can extend the effects for more than 12 hours.	Higher dose, longer duration
Tolerance	Regular cannabis users may develop a tolerance, leading to faster metabolism of THC.	Higher tolerance, shorter duration
Metabolism	Individuals with faster metabolic rates can eliminate THC more quickly than those with slower metabolisms.	Faster metabolism, shorter duration
Frequency of Use	Repeated ingestion of cannabinoids can prevent the complete elimination of THC, resulting in longer retention in the body.	More frequent use, longer retention
Body Fat Percentage	THC is stored in body fat, making its elimination slower in individuals with higher body fat percentages.	Higher body fat, longer retention

What Are the Detection Times for Edibles?

Various types of drug tests are used to determine if there is THC or the THC level in your system. Here are the detection times for edibles:

• Blood Tests: After you consume an edible, THC can be detected in your bloodstream for roughly one to two days. Of course, factors like your metabolism, weight, and body fat will affect the results.
• Urine tests: Urine tests are the most common drug tests. After you consume an edible, THC can be detected in your urine for roughly one to three days. However, if you eat edibles a few times a week, detection may extend to roughly one to two weeks. If you eat edibles daily, detection may extend to roughly a few weeks to a few months.
• Saliva Tests: To detect recent cannabis use, saliva tests are commonly used. After you consume an edible, THC can be detected in your saliva for a few hours after. This can extend to roughly 24-48 hours, depending on your metabolism and the dosage you took.
• Hair Follicle Tests: Hair follicle tests are less commonly used as they can sometimes give false positives. However, after consuming an edible, THC can be detected in your hair for roughly 90 days or more.

Edibles Detection Times

Test Type	Detection Period	Notes
Blood Test	1-2 days	Affected by metabolism, weight, body fat
Urine Test	1-3 days to a few weeks/months	Varies with frequency of consumption
Saliva Test	A few hours to 24-48 hours	Depends on metabolism and dosage
Hair Follicle Test or Hair Test	90 days or more	Can give false positives

Potential Effects and Duration of Impairment

Because edibles give a longer “high” than smoking cannabis, there are some side effects of marijuana on your mental health that you should be aware of, especially if you have undergone overconsumption or heavy users for a longer period of time.

• Psychoactive Effects: Edibles may result in mood changes and impairment of your cognitive functions, such as concentration and memory. For this reason, it is important to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery.
• Physical Effects: Some individuals experience an increased heart rate, a dry mouth, and an increased appetite.
• Euphoria or Sedation: Depending on the cannabis strain, some people may experience feelings of euphoria. Others may feel drowsy.
• Anxiety or Paranoia: For those sensitive to THC, there may be feelings of paranoia and anxiety, especially if large amounts are consumed.
• Hallucinations or Intense Dreams: Individuals who take large doses may experience intense dreams or hallucinations.
• These effects can last anywhere from 4-12 hours, if not longer.

How Can You Reduce the Duration of THC in Your System?

While edibles can give feelings of euphoria or sedation, not everyone wants to be in an “altered state” for hours. Although reducing the duration of THC in your system is challenging, it’s still possible. Here are some ways you can consider:

• Drink Plenty of Water: One of the best ways to flush the THC out of your system is to drink lots of water. This process detoxifies your body and eliminates the THC faster.
• Cardio Exercises: When you burn fat, you help burn the areas where the THC metabolites are stored. Burning fat forces the THC to be released back into your bloodstream, where it can then be eliminated through your urine.
• Consume Diuretics: Ingesting diuretics can help your body get rid of excess salt and water in your body. As diuretics increase your urine output, you will be eliminating THC in the process. Natural diuretics are cranberry juice, green tea, and black tea.
• Avoid Consuming Any More Edibles: If you’re trying to eliminate the THC in your system, you should avoid consuming any more edibles.

Legal and Professional Implications

Although cannabis edibles are legal in some states, not every state or country looks kindly upon cannabis users. In some countries and states, it is still illegal, and you could end up in jail for possessing edibles.

Legal Implications

Here is a closer look at the legal implications.

• Age Restrictions: In cities where cannabis is legal, there are still age restrictions that you must be aware of. You have to be of legal age to purchase and consume cannabis products.
• Possession Limits: There are also possession limits for personal use. Check the possession limits for your city and state to avoid legal consequences.
• Public Consumption: Even though cannabis may be legal in your city, consuming it in public may not be. There may be fines or penalties for doing so.
• Crossing Borders: If you live in a state where cannabis is legal and then cross over to a state where it is not legal, you could suffer legal consequences.

Professional Implications

For states where edibles are legal, there are still professional implications to consider. Some workplaces want a drug-free work environment and subject their employees to periodic drug tests.

• Drug Testing: Some companies insist on giving drug tests to new hires. There may be regular drug tests as well to ensure the employees remain drug-free.
• Licensing and Certifications: Some professions, such as the healthcare industry, require a negative drug test before you can gain your license or certification.
• Legal and Ethical Responsibilities: Some professions, such as law enforcement, forbid the use of cannabis, even in cities and states where it is legal.

Illinois Recovery Center

Edibles are a popular alternative to inhaling cannabis because the effects are longer and can be more intense. Because edibles stay in your system longer, however, it is best to exercise caution when consuming them. Consuming larger doses of edibles can lead to dependency.If you or a loved one has a cannabis addiction, it’s important to seek help. Our team at Illinois Recovery Center, a detox treatment center that offers different treatment plans for individuals suffering from a variety of addictions, such as marijuana addiction or marijuana use. Contact us to find out more.

Additional Resources

[1] https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/what-to-know-about-how-long-marijuana-stays-in-your-system
[2] https://www.royalqueenseeds.com/us/blog-how-to-get-thc-out-of-your-system-n687
[3] https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2019-06/CCSA-7-Things-About-Edible-Cannabis-2019-en.pdf
[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9202751/
[5] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3570572/
[6] https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2019-06/CCSA-Cannabis-Inhaling-Ingesting-Risks-Infographic-2019-en_1.pdf
[7] https://www.healthline.com/health/how-long-do-edibles-take-to-kick-in#common-forms
[8] https://neurosciencenews.com/cud-weight-metabolism-23378/

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Overcoming an addiction to alcohol will most likely be one of the most challenging experiences that you will ever undergo as it is not easy to eradicate that substance from your life, both physically and mentally, particularly if you had been drinking regularly for a considerable period of time. Needing to do so alone is a hurdle that many find too difficult to overcome while on this journey.

For that reason, sober communities, such as Alcoholics Anonymous, play a pivotal role in the recovery process for many. However, some may not want to utilize AA for one reason for another. That is okay. There are several other similar but different organizations that provide the types of benefits that you are looking for, so you should be able to find one or more sober communities that fit you.

Most importantly, note that even though AA does help and work for many, what you should be focusing on is finding the community that best fits your culture, your personality, your beliefs and your learning and recovery styles.

Alcoholics Anonymous

First, do consider what AA has to offer and how it may or may not fit your needs.

AA, which was founded in 1935, provides an opportunity to participate in a structured environment that consists of people struggling with alcohol addiction supporting each other. It holds meetings throughout the world, and some place high value on its “Twelve Steps” program and have pointed towards that as having served as an important leg in their journey towards recovery.

However, others are uncomfortable with those same steps, and it should be pointed out that the religious aspect of AA can be a notable pro to some and a significant con for others. Also, the time commitment that is recommended by AA may not fit with what works best for you. In addition, AA oftentimes incorporates reprimands when someone relapses as opposed to the continued support that they may have been looking for.

Other Sober Communities

If AA is not what you are looking for or if it is, but you are wanting to combine that sober community with others, consider taking advantage of what these AA alternatives have to offer you.

SMART Recovery

SMART Recovery’s focus is much more so on cognitive behavioral therapy, self-directed action and science-based recovery tools. It also offers access to in-person meetings that are run throughout the world although those offerings are focused much more so on the United States and Canada. That said, if you are not near one or you prefer online gatherings, you can take advantage of its online meetings.

And even if you do not want to become an active participant in any type of SMART Recovery meeting, consider browsing the tools that the organization has made available on its website. These include stand-alone tools as well as recommendations of books that may help you on your journey toward sobriety.

In essence, you would be using SMART Recovery’s resources to help you take control of your life, so if you are someone who prefers to create your own recovery path, this is a good option.

LifeRing Secular Recovery

If you are looking for a recovery organization that is focused on a secular outlook, on removing all religious elements from the experience, LifeRing Secular Recovery may be what will work best for you. With that said, do note that about 40% of its participants attend a place of worship at least annually, so you will still be more than welcome here if you would be included in that 40%.

LifeRing is also a group that is more so focused on helping others help themselves. In fact, the organization explicitly states that “we encourage each participant to work out their own particular path.” Connected with that, there are no sponsors like in AA. Instead, in a sense, everyone here sponsors and supports everyone else.

Meetings are offered in numerous formats, including in-person and online. You can also take advantage of the LifeRing Forum if you want to participate here but not in a meeting format.

Also consider utilizing LifeRing’s online tools and browsing the LifeRing Press bookstore for additional resources.

Women for Sobriety

If you are a woman who is looking to become involved in a support group that has women as its focus and caters specifically to women’s needs, Women for Sobriety may be the organization that will most assist you on your path. It has been helping women achieve sobriety since its founding in 1975.

In addition to in-person and online meetings, Women for Sobriety provides one-on-one phone support, thanks to the time and energy that volunteers provide while offering that service. However, if you are not in North America and prefer in-person meetings, do note that it focuses on U.S. and Canadian locales.

Women for Sobriety’s New Life Program was designed to help women overcome the depression, guilt and lack of self-esteem that may have caused an addiction or that may have resulted from it. In other words, this organization focuses on the deeper recovery that is necessary to fully overcome an addiction like this.

Secular Organizations for Sobriety

If you are not only looking for a more secular type of recovery resource but also one that is locally focused, consider the recovery resources that Secular Organizations for Sobriety has to offer. Amongst these is information about numerous autonomous organizations that are local – i.e. not national or international in scale. However, note that its selection of in-person meetings is limited.

This network of local groups was featured in a documentary, “No God at the Bottom of a Glass,” which was awarded a Telly Award in 2014. At the beginning of it, a quote from German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is shown, “Two great European narcotics, alcohol and Christianity,” which exemplifies how much its founder, James Christopher, had been turned off of what AA specifically and religion in general had to offer him.

If you are also suffering from a compulsive eating disorder, note that SOS offers support for that as well as alcohol and drug addictions.

Refuge Recovery

Refuge Recovery may serve as a pivotal role in your recovery if you are looking for a religiously focused setting that is not connected with Christianity.

Its guiding philosophy is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama – i.e. Buddhism. In doing so, it helps participants reduce and remove cravings for and addictions to a variety of substances and experiences, not only including alcohol but even influences such as people and experiences. As a result, this can be a good support system for those looking to recover from various forms of addiction.

Although its in-person meetings are focused on U.S. communities, international ones are offered in some countries as are online gatherings. A 20-minute meditation period usually takes place during these meetings. That said, there is no requirement to be a Buddhist or to even believe in any type of god or higher power to participate, just to understand and accept the Buddhist influences on the recovery methods that are taught here.

Finding What Works For You

A significant period of trial-and-error may be necessary to determine which recovery support group or groups work best for you. For many people, the preferred way to do so is to consider one or a few groups and attend one or a few of the meetings that they offer to help you learn the best fit for you. As you go through this process, make sure to incorporate your beliefs, values and personal preferences.

Also take into account whether in-person meetings, online gatherings or a combination of the two would work best for you. Or perhaps you do not want to take part in any sort of get-togethers and would simply like to see what types of resources have been made available by these organizations. Although most do recommend not experiencing this journey alone, that method might work best for you.

In addition, note the value of professional therapy and how that will blend with your journey, and take into account that its benefits are different in numerous ways as compared to support groups, such as the ones mentioned here. That is because although it can prove invaluable to have professional support, it can also be invaluable to experience peer support. Many need both.

Conclusion

Regardless of what your individual path towards recovery ends up being, be persistent and adaptable in finding what will work for you, whether that includes AA or not, and be open to changing that path down the line.

Regardless, most believe that experiencing some sort of sober community is necessary to have a more thorough, effective recovery process, so it is recommended that you consider at least one of them as you craft your path.

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The opioid crisis has resulted in more than three-quarters of drug overdose deaths being opioid-related. Meanwhile, in the 10 years from 2011-21, the number of opioid overdose deaths per capita multiplied four times. As a result of the increase in the use of and addiction to heroin and opiates, more people are experiencing nodding out, one of the common signs of regular use and overdoses.

Understanding Nodding Out

What is nodding out? It is a slang phrase that describes when an opioid user is experiencing a state of semiconsciousness, of drifting in and out of consciousness. When nodding out, a user can, at times, appear and feel quite alert. Conversely, when the user is at the most restful stage of this experience, they can be experiencing a comalike state in which it is nearly impossible to wake them from it.

Nodding out generally occurs after the strongest point of euphoria – i.e. the high – has taken place.

Immediate Dangers

The most significant danger of nodding out is the severe slowing of the nervous system. In other words, it is not just the mind that is relaxing when this is occurring, but it is also the body’s vital organs. At its most severe, the heart and lungs may be the only body parts still operating, and the lungs may end up slowing breathing so much that the brain is deprived of the oxygen that it needs to operate.

Someone who is nodding out can also find themself in related dangerous situations, such as breathing in or choking on vomit, falling down, hitting their head or burning themselves.

In addition, this state of mind can cause the person to make poor decisions and not be able to respond to questionable or downright dangerous situations because their judgment and reflexes are so impaired.

All of these side effects can also result in the user being much more vulnerable to robbery or assault.

Long-Term Health Consequences

The long-term health consequences of using heroin and opiates to the point of nodding out include brain damage, which can affect memory and cognitive function, an increased likelihood of experiencing depression and anxiety and damage to the liver, kidneys and other organs.

Social and Emotional Impacts

Nodding out can also influence the user’s life socially and in other emotionally related ways.

For example, the unpredictable behavior that often results from nodding out can strain relationships with family and friends as well as with employers and educators. The latter examples also generally make it much more difficult to hold a job or to become educated and complete the process of earning a degree.

In addition, feelings of guilt and shame as well as feeling increasingly isolated from others can occur, resulting in additional emotional stress on top of the depression and anxiety that many experience.

Intervention and Prevention

If a family member or friend or simply someone you see in public is nodding out, there are some things that you can do to help minimize the dangers that this person is experiencing.

Recognizing the Signs

If someone appears like they are sitting in an 8 a.m. class after having pulled an all-nighter with their head nodding as they drift in and out of sleep while the teacher is speaking, this person may instead be nodding out. This is especially likely if it is sometimes impossible to wake them up from it.

Note that nodding out, continuously drifting between being awake and falling asleep, can last for hours.

Immediate Actions

If you have naloxone, otherwise known by the brand name of Narcan, consider giving it to the person who is nodding out. However, it is important to only do so if they are overdosing, and it is understandable that it can be difficult to determine when to administer it to someone. However, keep in mind that if the person is overdosing, naloxone will greatly reduce the chances of them dying from the experience.

Regardless, call 911 as soon as possible and request professional assistance.

Support and Treatment

In the big picture, ways that you can support someone who is nodding off and reduce and ultimately eliminate that occurring in the future include encouraging them to get therapy and undergo rehabilitation and medically assisted treatment. It is generally not easy to stop using heroin and opiates, but it can be done, and the chances that it will stop increase noticeably if help is procured.

Support groups, whether at a rehab facility, in the community or otherwise, can be a significant help to those who are affected by opioids to the point that they are regularly nodding out. That is because not feeling alone in this fight can be such a help. Of course, no one else can fight the fight for someone, but simply knowing that there are others supporting them as they go through this can help so much.

Conclusion

It is important to note that the opioid crisis has resulted in so many more people nodding out and otherwise experiencing the side effects of using heroin and opiates than had been the case before. If you are one of those individuals, know that you are not alone. If you are not, note that more and more others around you are becoming addicted to these types of substances.

However, an individual can recover, and, as a whole, the opioid crisis can be reversed. Of course, it will not be an easy process, but it can be done.

If you or someone you know is experiencing nodding out or is otherwise addicted to heroin or opiates, reach out to us at Illinois Recovery Center.

Those who are in Illinois can also call the state’s 24-hour opioid use disorder hotline at 1-833-2FINDHELP – i.e. (833) 234-6343. You can text “HELP” to 833234 as well. Of course, if it is an emergency situation and you are in the United States, call 911.

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Afrin, also known as oxymetazoline, is a decongestant spray that is intended only for short-term usage. Unfortunately, when people use it for longer than three days at a time, they can develop a dependence on it. In fact, it can cause rebound congestion. This means that your sinus membranes will swell, which causes you to feel congested again.

What is Afrin (oxymetazoline)?

Afrin is available over-the-counter to treat nasal congestion. It can also be used to treat a bloody nose. Afrin’s primary claim to fame is that it begins to clear your congestion in mere seconds. This sympathomimetic medication results in vasoconstriction, which reduces fluid and boosts the size of the airway lumen.

Afrin is designed to be used for no more than three days in a row. Anyone who is at least six years old can take two to three sprays in each nostril. This process shouldn’t happen more than twice a day, and there needs to be a minimum of 10 hours between doses.

The Path to Dependence

It’s understandable to want immediate relief. However, you must be extremely cautious with Afrin. Otherwise, it can become really easy to take a third dose in a day, or to use this product for longer than three days in a row. Once this happens, you can begin to develop rhinitis medicamentosa, better known as rebound congestion.

In some cases, rebound congestion happens when you stay on Afrin for at least three days. Although it’s true that some people won’t develop rebound congestion at all, there are others who will have to deal with this condition only after several weeks of Afrin usage. Either way, the majority of individuals taking Afrin will end up with rebound congestion if they use Afrin for longer than recommended.

Once you’ve got a case of rebound congestion, you’ll find it harder and harder to get relief. Even worse, you’ll begin to feel congested without suffering from a cold or any allergies. As a result, you’ll feel the need to take even more Afrin. This becomes a vicious cycle, and your rebound congestion can get worse and worse as you continue to use Afrin.

Dangers and Side Effects of Overuse

Due to rebound congestion, it can be quite easy to accidentally overdose. Symptoms of an Afrin overdose may include:

• Slow heartbeat
• Drowsiness
• Fainting
• Dizziness

Additionally, Afrin may cause you to develop chronic nasal inflammation, along with damage to your nasal lining. It also increases your risk of sinus infections and can elevate your blood pressure.

There are also mental health drawbacks to an overdose. Not only can it cause you tremendous stress and anxiety but it may lead to social implications, including embarrassment and/or isolation. Once you’ve become isolated from others, you may have an even higher risk of overdosing again.

Differentiating Between Use and Overuse

Afrin can be a good tool to fight nasal congestion, but only if it’s used properly. Again, this means you must never use it for more than three consecutive days, and you can only take two to three sprays in each nostril twice a day. If you begin to use it for longer than three days and/or to use the spray more than twice a day, you’re in great danger of becoming dependent on Afrin.

There are several indicators that you’re slipping over the line into dependence, including using it more than recommended, increased bottle purchasing and feeling heightened anxiety when you don’t have any Afrin available.

Breaking the Cycle: Steps to Overcoming Afrin Dependence

As with any other drug, you’ll want to talk to your doctor about getting off of Afrin. Be sure that she or he understands you’ve developed a dependence, and you want to get your life back. The reason you should do this is that your physician knows the best way for you to quit, which can vary depending on your specific medical history.

Some former Afrin users turned to a steroid nasal spray such as Nasacort or Flonase to help them relieve their dependence on Afrin. This takes about a week, and it may reduce the symptoms of withdrawal. Of course, there are also potential side effects of Nasacort and Flonase, so only do this if your doctor recommends it.

Another way you can wean yourself off Afrin is by doing so gradually. One method is to spread out the time between doses. So, for example, if you’ve been taking it every 10 hours, try taking it every 12 hours instead. After a couple of days, go up to every 14 hours, etc. Alternatively, you can choose to use the spray on only one nostril. In other words, you’ll alternate between your left and right nostril when it’s time to spray, so you’ll only get half the medication.

Finally, you may choose to try a holistic method. People have found decent success using a saline nasal spray and/or a neti pot to get some relief. Plugging in a humidifier can help you, along with remaining hydrated. What will most likely help you the most, though, is avoiding the irritants that can exacerbate nasal congestion. For instance, eating dairy has been shown to cause congestion, along with any food that contains histamine and/or tyramine.

Prevention and Safe Use of Nasal Sprays

Nasal sprays definitely have their place, but you need to use them responsibly. This means always following their recommended guidelines, regardless of whether your issue is completely cleared up. Yet again, this means that you shouldn’t use Afrin for longer than three days.

Before you even take Afrin, you should consider trying non-medicated ways to get rid of congestion. The key is to ensure your nasal passages remain moist. You can do this by:

• Taking long showers
• Using a humidifer
• Drinking plenty of fluids
• Using a neti pot
• Using a nasal saline spray
• Putting a warm, wet towel on your face
• Avoiding chlorinated pools
• Propping yourself up at night
• Using a bioelectronic sinus device

The most important thing of all is to make sure you’re well-educated about the potential risks whenever you consider taking an over-the-counter medication. Take the time to actually read any warnings that come on, or in, the package. That way, you’ll be fully aware of what could happen, which should make you more cognizant of your actions.

Personal Testimonies

Several people have given personal testimonies of their dependence on Afrin and other nasal sprays on The People’s Pharmacy. Here are a few of the most noteworthy.

“I had a full blown addiction to nasal spray before it was commonly known that it could happen.” – Marilyn

“I got addicted to Afrin nasal spray. I couldn’t go any longer than 15 minutes without it.” – Unnamed

“I have been using Afrin Nasal Decongestant Spray for two decades. My mom started me on it when I was a kid with bad allergies and then I couldn’t stop.” – Unnamed

The good news is that all three people listed above are now free of their Afrin dependence. Marilyn said, “I sprayed one nostril only until the other cleared, and then stopped. As others have mentioned here, one nostril free breathing is tolerable. It took five-seven days for each to clear.”

Our first unnamed individual, who had such a severe dependence that she or he had to use it every 15 minutes, found a good solution. “It was a painful process to break the habit, but this worked for me. I would apply a hot compress to my sinuses… Then I would eat really hot green chili salsa, which would open up my sinuses.”

Our second unnamed person said, “I finally got off Afrin by using Flonase and diluting the last bottle of Afrin with saline. It took about a week, and though I am still a little stuffy, I am so glad to be off the decongestant.”

All three of these stories show that it doesn’t matter how long you’ve been on Afrin or how dependent you are on it. As long as you want to change, you can. It may be painful, but that pain will only be temporary.

Conclusion

It’s important to always remain aware of any over-the-counter medication’s potential for misuse. Most people are complacent with over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, but just because you can walk into a store and buy them without a prescription doesn’t mean that they’re completely safe.

If you’ve developed a dependence on Afrin, or any other OTC medication, we encourage you to get help. Reach out to your doctor right away for expert advice on what you can do to get off the medication.

FAQ

Additional Resources

Do you need help getting off of Afrin? The following resources may help.

• 24-hour helpline: (800) 241-4949
• Narcotics Anonymous
• Smart Recovery
• Dual Recovery Anonymous

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In holistic healthcare, the use of acupuncture has transcended its traditional origins in Chinese medicine to become a respected complementary therapy in Western medicine. Rooted in the concept of Qi, the body’s vital energy flow, acupuncture holds the potential to harmonize the body and promote detoxification in ways that align with modern scientific understanding.

As Illinois Recovery Center embraces a comprehensive approach to healing, it recognizes the significance of acupuncture in the detox program process—a bridge between ancient wisdom and contemporary wellness approaches.

The Principle behind Acupuncture

At the heart of acupuncture lies the fundamental principle of Qi, the vital energy that courses through our bodies. This concept is foundational in traditional Chinese medicine and emphasizes the interconnectedness of all bodily functions.

Qi, often likened to the flow of a river, must be unobstructed for optimal health. When Qi encounters blockages or imbalances, it can lead to ailments and disease. Acupuncture, with its millennia-old history, seeks to restore the smooth flow of Qi by targeting specific points along meridians—the body’s energy pathways.

These meridians are like intricate highways connecting different body parts, allowing Qi to circulate and maintain balance. Acupuncturists aim to stimulate the body’s internal systems by inserting fine needles into these points. This stimulation encourages the release of natural pain-relieving chemicals, promotes blood circulation, and triggers the body’s healing mechanisms.

Acupuncture and Detoxification

Detoxification, the process of ridding the body of harmful substances and toxins, aligns well with the principles of acupuncture. Modern living exposes us to environmental toxins, and our bodies generate metabolic waste.

These factors can overwhelm the body’s natural detoxification pathways, leading to fatigue, chronic illnesses, and compromised well-being. The insertion of acupuncture needles at specific points stimulates the nervous system, potentially triggering the release of endorphins and promoting relaxation.
This relaxation response is crucial in shifting the body from stress to restoration. As the body relaxes, blood circulation improves, enhancing oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells and reducing waste products.

Benefits of Acupuncture in Detox

Support in Substance Abuse Recovery

Individuals undergoing withdrawal from substances like alcohol or opioids often experience intense discomfort and cravings. Acupuncture can alleviate these symptoms by stimulating specific points that target the nervous system’s response to withdrawal, ultimately supporting a smoother recovery journey.

Enhancing Liver Function

The liver plays a central role in the body’s detoxification process, filtering toxins and metabolic waste. Acupuncture supports liver health and function through various mechanisms. By promoting blood circulation and reducing inflammation, acupuncture can enhance the liver’s ability to neutralize and eliminate toxins effectively.

Improving Digestive Function

The digestive system is integral to eliminating waste and toxins from the body. By stimulating specific acupuncture points related to digestion, acupuncture can help regulate digestive processes, support the elimination of waste, and alleviate issues like constipation. This gentle encouragement of the digestive system can significantly aid detox efforts.

Facilitating the Immune System

The immune system is crucial in protecting the body from toxins and pathogens. Acupuncture’s ability to modulate immune responses can enhance the body’s overall defense mechanisms, making it better equipped to handle detoxification challenges and maintain general well-being. As the body’s first line of defense, a strong immune system is essential for detoxification.

The NADA Protocol

The National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) protocol highlights acupuncture’s role in addiction treatment. Substance abuse recovery is a complex journey that requires a multifaceted approach.

Acudetox, which uses 5-point ear acupuncture (auricular acupuncture) protocol developed by NADA, has successfully reduced withdrawal symptoms, anxiety, and cravings in individuals undergoing addiction recovery. With its numerous acupuncture points, the ear is a microcosm of the entire body. Acupuncturists can influence various physiological and psychological responses by targeting specific points in the ear.

In one case study published in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, participants who received acupuncture treatment they have reported decreased anxiety, improved sleep quality, and reduced drug dependency cravings.

Practical Considerations

Duration and Frequency

The number of acupuncture sessions required for detox varies depending on individual needs and goals. While some individuals experience noticeable benefits after a few sessions, a more comprehensive detoxification plan might involve multiple treatments over a longer period. Regular maintenance sessions are recommended to sustain the benefits of acupuncture.

Finding a Qualified Practitioner

When seeking an acupuncturist for detox, look for proper training and certification. A qualified practitioner will thoroughly assess and tailor the treatment to your requirements. You can explore reputable sources, like professional acupuncture organizations, to find practitioners who adhere to strict ethical and training standards.

Potential Side Effects

While side effects are rare, they might include minor bruising, soreness, or temporary fatigue. Choosing a reputable practitioner minimizes the risk of adverse reactions. Discuss any existing health conditions, allergies, or concerns during your initial consultation with your acupuncturist to ensure a safe and comfortable experience.

Integrating Acupuncture with Other Detox Therapies

Combining acupuncture with proper nutrition, exercise, mindfulness, and other treatments can amplify the benefits of each approach. Research published in the Journal of Integrative Medicine highlights the positive impact of integrating acupuncture with other holistic therapies in addiction treatment.

Participants who received a combination of acupuncture, mindfulness meditation, and exercise reported improved mood, reduced cravings, and increased overall well-being.

Skepticism and Research

While acupuncture’s acceptance in Western medicine has grown, skepticism still exists in certain circles. This skepticism often stems from a lack of familiarity with the underlying principles of traditional Chinese medicine and the mechanisms of acupuncture.

Current scientific investigations have shown that acupuncture can positively impact detoxification through its effects on the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems. Research published in the Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies suggests that acupuncture can influence the expression of genes related to detoxification pathways, further supporting its role in promoting the body’s natural ability to clear toxins.

However, more research is needed to understand acupuncture’s mechanisms and potential applications in detoxification.

Conclusion

Acupuncture’s role in detoxification is a testament to the intricate connection between energy, balance, and optimal health. By harmonizing the body’s energy flow, supporting organ function, and promoting relaxation, acupuncture offers a complementary approach to detox that resonates with both ancient traditions and contemporary science.As part of a holistic wellness strategy, acupuncture invites individuals to embark on a journey of self-care, empowerment, and vibrant well-being.

FAQ

Additional Resources

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Association_of_Acupuncture_and_Oriental_Medicine
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213422023000550
• https://cmjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13020-016-0088-7

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Today’s street drug scene is more dangerous than ever. Not only is there a spectrum of new, dangerous, and addictive drugs in circulation, but they are at least occasionally laced with Fentanyl, which can be deadly in minuscule doses. But this is just a sample of the scope of this problem. Here are just a few of the latest and most devastating street drugs that are known to be in circulation now:

• Flakka: Stimulant
• Bath salts: Stimulant
• Ecstasy: Hallucinogen
• Krokodil: Opioid
• Spice: synthetic cannabinoid

Sadly, this is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the full scope and number of these new, powerful designer drugs. Many of the most addictive of these are less poisonous yet highly addictive. This creates long-term addictive cycles that can be as or more difficult to break than those associated with heroin or methamphetamine.

Here, we are concerned with the latest street intoxicant known as Tucibi, Tuci, Tusi or “pink cocaine.” Tucibi is difficult to classify because it is a mix of two or more drugs of abuse, such as some of those listed above, and an aromatic pink powder. What this means for users is that you never know what’s in it. It can cause unpredictable psychoactive effects. Of course, when it contains some of the more potent street drugs like Fentanyl, it can be deadly in a single use.

According to the Ohio Recovery Center, Tucibi is: “[…] imported from South America, Tucibi is often neither cocaine nor the psychedelic drug known as “2C-B” or Nexus. The “2C-B” is not Tucibi (pink cocaine). It is a mixture of pink powder with various drugs of abuse (mixture of cheaper substances like ketamine and ecstasy), making it unpredictable, dangerous, and addictive. 

The drug known as 2C-B is a designer psychedelic drug that also comes in the form of a pink powder. Tucibi is the mixed and unpredictable form described above.

Origin and History of Tucibi

The original psychedelic form Tucibi is based on hearkens back to 1974 and was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. The modern form known as Tucibi is a recent knock-off version. While the original is both an hallucinogen and stimulant, the modern variant could be either something else, or a conglomeration of whatever a drug dealer happens to have on hand.

Repetitive use of Tucibi is usually a product of other drug habits. Often, the addicted person is seeking something similar to cocaine, heroin, or some other drug of choice and accepts Tucibi as a substitute. This can lead to repeated use of this drug, which can lead to unpredictable behavior and sometimes exposure to deadly substances.

The unpredictable nature of this type of drug makes it especially dangerous for persons suffering from addiction.

The Basics of Pink Cocaine

Pink cocaine, colloquially known as Tucibi, is a synthetic drug that has gained notoriety in recent years. It is a compound derived from a mixture of MDMA, amphetamine, LSD, and other synthetic drugs, resulting in a potent and unpredictable substance. Tucibi is often marketed as a designer drug, mimicking the effects of cocaine but with potentially more intense and dangerous outcomes. Its pink hue distinguishes it from traditional cocaine, hence the moniker “pink cocaine.”

Pink Cocaine and Cocaine

While both pink cocaine and traditional cocaine affect the central nervous system, they differ in composition and potency. Pink cocaine’s cocktail of MDMA, amphetamine, LSD, and other synthetic drugs sets it apart from the pure form of cocaine. This blend can lead to heightened euphoria, altered perceptions, and increased energy levels similar to those experienced with MDMA or amphetamine use. However, the inclusion of LSD can introduce hallucinogenic effects not typically associated with cocaine. 

The Chemistry of Tucibi

The original drug known as 2C-B is 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine and is known as a hallucinogen, stimulant, empathogen, and entactogen. An empathogen is designed to “create empathic states,” not unlike Ecstasy. An entactogen is a drug whose name means to “produce a touching within.” Its purpose is to bring a person into contact with or awareness of inner states.

The original intention of 2C-B was therapeutic, and it led to the clinical use of drugs like ecstasy in marriage counseling. But like ecstasy, it has become a drug of abuse and is strictly controlled.

But, as mentioned above, 2C-B has inspired the creation of the designer drug known as Tucibi (our subject here), which is an admixture of street drugs, including cocaine, ecstasy, heroin, meth, and others, sometimes including Fentanyl. In reality, Tucibi is really a category of drug rather than a distinct drug in its own right.

As such, the side effects and chemistry of Tucibi cannot be classified or predicted. Its place as a street drug and substance of abuse is largely cultural in nature. In most cases, a person whose drug of choice is cocaine, heroin, or others will take Tucibi as a cheap alternative or when the drug of choice is unavailable.

This makes its use especially dangerous, leading people to take on effects of pink cocaine that may not be expected or prepared for. Further, its use creates a situation where the user is vulnerable to being given more dangerous drugs like Fentanyl. For these reasons, taking this pink cocaine represents a grievously deadly form of addictive behavior.

Users can even become addicted to the sensation of risk that comes through what has been called a chemical version of “Russian Roulette.” Because of this cultural use phenomenon surrounding pink cocaine, the use of this type of drug is considered to be indicative of a severe phase of the addiction process, making treatment an immediate necessity.

Small Doses and Street Names 

Pink cocaine is often distributed in small doses due to its potency and potential for adverse reactions. Street names for the drug vary depending on the region and local vernacular. Some common aliases include “pink lady,” “rosa,” or simply “pink.” Despite its colorful appearance, the drug is typically encountered as a white powder, similar in appearance to traditional cocaine, further complicating detection and regulation efforts.

Usage and Effects of Tucibi

Upon ingestion, pink cocaine acts as a controller substance, affecting neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and phenylethylamine. These neurotransmitters play crucial roles in mood regulation and perception. The drug’s stimulant properties can elevate heart rate, blood pressure, and mental alertness, while also inducing feelings of euphoria and heightened sensory experiences. However, excessive consumption or impurities in the substance may lead to adverse effects on mental health and physical well-being. 

The Popularity of Tucibi

The popularity of this class of drug/drug-taking can be attributed to the fact that it appeals to two classes of people; those in the late stages of a drug abuse habit and those who are new to drug-taking.

Sadly, the first of these two groups is a rapidly growing category. Due to inflation, job losses, and other disruptions to the job market, more and more people are finding themselves turning to drugs. Further, the opioid crisis feeds the swelling numbers of this group by funneling more and more people into opioid addiction.

The second group of inexperienced, naive drug users includes children, young adults, and anyone who develops an interest in drug experimentation. Like ecstasy, Tucibi has become known as a party drug. Like many drugs of this kind, it is exceptionally dangerous. Because of the variable nature of the contents of Tucibi, it can be deadly the first time it is used.

Tucibi was considered novel in 2022, and its rise may be partly attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. With scores of people isolated to their homes, drug use became a more attractive option, and those with little experience obtaining street drugs could assemble a batch of “pink cocaine” from a variety of more easily obtainable products.

At the beginning of its rise to popularity, it was largely confined to use by teens and young adults. But as the culture surrounding this type of drug developed, it has become a drug of last resort for addiction sufferers in the advanced stages of the abuse cycle.

The media, frankly, has not been a positive influence when it comes to pink cocaine as this type of drug and drug abuse behavior has been glamorized in television and movies, as drugs of abuse often are.

Synthetic Drugs and Drug Traffickers

Pink cocaine’s emergence highlights the ever-evolving landscape of synthetic drugs and the ingenuity of drug traffickers. By synthesizing various compounds, traffickers create new substances to capitalize on market demand, particularly within rave and club drug scenes. However, the lack of regulation and oversight raises concerns about the purity and safety of these substances. Additives used in the manufacturing process may pose additional health risks to users. 

This type of drug and drug abuse behavior has been glamorized in television and movies, as drugs of abuse often are.

Risks and Dangers of Tucibi Use

The dangers of using drugs of this kind are difficult to calculate. The fact that this drug could literally contain anything makes the danger incalculable. This is why we prefer to think of pink cocaine as a type of drug-taking behavior rather than as a drug itself. Taking it exhibits either naivete about the dangers of street drugs or an advanced stage of the addiction process.

Tucibi and the Law

Tucibi is most popular in South America and Europe. In both of these regions, law enforcement is vigilant in their response to alleged samples of this type of drug. As law enforcement in the United States becomes more aware of this class of drug-taking behavior, they are becoming more vigilant about it as well.

At the time of this writing, all of the drugs likely to be contained in a sample of pink cocaine are illegal and strictly controlled. Tucibi itself is illegal in most of Europe, and Canada is poised to legislate against it soon as well.

The challenge to law enforcement lies in the fact that Tucibi, or pink cocaine itself, does not exist as a drug. Therefore, it is possible to create a batch of “Tucibi” from harmless and legal household items. This slows legal proceedings since the contents of these substances can be difficult to determine.

As always, those who use this type of drug should be much more concerned about the potential health risks and death that can result than about what law enforcement may or may not do in response.

Treatment, Rehabilitation, Prevention, and Education

As stated, using Tucibi is considered by the addiction treatment community to be a very serious and dangerous form of drug abuse. The treatment of choice in all cases depends on the person themselves, their chosen drug of abuse, and the stage of addiction. As mentioned, Tucibi users tend to come from either new drug experimenter groups or long-time addiction sufferers who are close to hitting bottom.

As always, it is the desire to recover on the part of the addicted person that matters most in determining the odds of success. Often, new drug users only need to be shown how dangerous Tucibi is. For others, a lifetime of recovery support is necessary.

Current Treatment Strategies
Treatment phases/modalities for Tucibi users include:

• Medical drug detox
• Inpatient and outpatient treatment
• Treatment initiation
• Replacement therapy
• Group therapy
• Alternative and spiritual treatment/counseling
• Individual cognitive behavioral therapy
• Group and individual support
• Community-based support systems
• Ongoing supportive abstinence maintenance

Addiction Treatment Success Rates

According to American Addiction Centers, just 25% of people treated for addiction disorders avoid relapse in their first year of recovery. Of course, these numbers do not apply to the motivated individual who is determined to achieve a healthy, normal life.

For these individuals, success is not guaranteed, but the odds of success are better than 90%.

Conclusion

The rise of Tucibi is an artifact of massive cultural change on too many levels to discuss fully here. Tucibi itself is not a true drug, but a mix of drugs ranging from moderately to extremely dangerous. For this reason, anyone who uses Tucibi is strongly encouraged to seek treatment immediately.

In time, this drug trend can be expected to lose prominence. It will be replaced by some other drug fad, which will also certainly be dangerous and indicative of a person at serious personal risk.

If you or someone you love has used Tucibi, please consider consulting addiction recovery professionals as soon as possible. Tucibi taking is called the Russian Roulette of drug experimentation for a good reason.

Get in touch today to learn more.

References

• https://thetab.com/uk/2022/07/20/everything-you-need-to-know-about-tuci-the-party-drug-people-are-calling-pink-cocaine-263082
• https://www.drugs.com/fentanyl.html
• https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/street-drugs-risks
• https://www.recoveryohio.org/cocaine/pink-cocaine/
• https://thetab.com/uk/2022/07/20/everything-you-need-to-know-about-tuci-the-party-drug-people-are-calling-pink-cocaine-263082
• https://americanaddictioncenters.org/rehab-guide/success-rates-and-statistics

Suggested Reading

• The Tucibi (2C-B): the drug of high society: https://en.psychologyinstructor.com/the-tucibi-2c-b-the-drug-of-high-society/
• 5 Forgotten Drug Fads: https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/55075/5-forgotten-drug-fads

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